Comparison of Serum Adiponectin and Interleukin 6 Concentrations in Nondiabetic Hypertensive and Diabetic Hypertensive Patients Who Developed Cerebral Infarct

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in western as well as developing countries. Adiponectin is a fat-derived plasma protein that has beneficial actions on cerebrovascular disorders. A low level of plasma adiponectin is associated with increased mortality after ischemic stroke. Interleukin 6 is a cytokine, which is elevated in inflammatory, traumatic and ischemic injuries. The objective of this study was to compare serum adiponectin and interleukin-6 levels in diabetic hypertensive and nondiabetic hypertensive patients and to measure the size of cerebral infarct. 89 patients (30 controls, 30 nondiabetic hypertensive and 29 diabetic hypertensive) were recruited in the study according to inclusion criteria of Ziauddin University Hospital. Serum adiponectin and interleukin 6 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Blood glucose and lipid profile was done by standard kit methods. Serum adiponectin concentration was significantly lower (P<0.05) in both study groups and interleukin 6 concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in diabetic hypertensive group as compared with controls. The mean serum interleukin 6 in diabetic hypertensive patients with cerebral infarct was significantly higher than that of nondiabetic hypertensive patients with cerebral infarct (P < 0.001). Serum adiponectin concentration was decreased while the infarct size was larger in diabetic hypertensive group as compared to nondiabetic hypertensive group but the difference in these parameters was statistically non significant. Hence the study supports to the evidence of involvement of adiponectin and interleukin 6 in patients of stroke.